Primary Sources-
Clovis Tools and Points. Photograph. Www.crystalinks.com. Web. <http://www.crystalinks.com/clovis.html>. It shows Clovis tools and points.
Goodyear, Albert C. Figure 2. Photograph. Saltville Virginia. Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States. Print. Figure 1 shows arrow heads from Pre-Clovis time.
Inside Meadowcroft Rock Shelter. Photograph. Sfu.musuem.com. Web. <http://www.sfu.museum.com/journey/05p_secondary/meadowcroft.php>. This picture shows inside the rock shelter and shows the labels for strata.
Paleo-Indian Spear Points. Photograph. Fulton County, Illinois. Www.museum.com. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. This photograph shows arrow heads found in Illinois and describes them in detail.
Goodyear, Albert C. Figure 2. Photograph. Saltville Virginia. Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States. Print. Figure 1 shows arrow heads from Pre-Clovis time.
Inside Meadowcroft Rock Shelter. Photograph. Sfu.musuem.com. Web. <http://www.sfu.museum.com/journey/05p_secondary/meadowcroft.php>. This picture shows inside the rock shelter and shows the labels for strata.
Paleo-Indian Spear Points. Photograph. Fulton County, Illinois. Www.museum.com. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. This photograph shows arrow heads found in Illinois and describes them in detail.
Secondary Sources-
Adovasio, James M., D. R. Pedler, J. Donahue, and R. Stuckenrath. "Abstract." Cat.inist.fr. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=2023124>. The article "Abstract" tells us about radiocarbon dates and more evidence of Natives living in Pennsylvania. Also, it goes into detail about the debate.
Adovasio, James M. The First Americans. Modern Library. Print. This Book talks about Doctor Adovasio's journey to the debate of Pre-Clovis and Clovis. It also talks about the first Americans and mound builders and goes more into detail of the way the Native Americans lived.
Baker, Tony. "The Clovis First / Pre-Clovis Problem." Ele.net. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.ele.net/art_folsom/preclvis.htm>. The article named "The Clovis First / Pre-Clovis Problem" is quite useful because it explains the tools and blades the Clovis people used for different things.
Baker, Tony. "The Theory." Ele.net. Oct.-Nov. 1997. Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <Www.ele.net/art_folsom/preclvis.htm>. "The Theory" tells us a good theory about where the Clovis people lived and why they had so many small sites.
Clark, Josh. "Were the Clovis the First Americans?" Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis.htm/printable>. "Were the Clovis the first Americans?" helps us with our project because it gives us some information on whether or not the Clovis were the first Americans.
"Clovis Culture." Economicexpert.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://economicexpert.com/a/Clovis:culture.htm>. The article called "Clovis Culture" tells us more about the Clovis's culture.
"Clovis People." Crystalinks.com. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.crystalinks.com/clovis.html>. The article entitled "Clovis People" is useful to us because it explains how the Clovis people lived, such as telling about their culture and how they hunted mammoths for food.
"The Clovis-First Theory." Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis1.htm>. The writer of the article "The Clovis-First Theory" believes that Clovis people were not the first people in America and that there were in fact people before them. This article manly shares the theories of the writer of who the first Americans are and how they got here.
Dupree, Ed C. B. "Alabama Archaeology: Prehistoric Alabama." Bama.ua.edu. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://bama.ua.edu/~alaarch/prehistoricalalabama/paleoindian.htm>. The article titled "Alabama Archaeology: Prehistoric Alabama" is useful because it gives us more information on who the Paleo-Indians were and what their lifestyle was like.
Easybib.com. Web. <www.easybib.com>. This site helped us to make our bibliography for our website.
"Gault Site Findings Undermine Clovis First Theory." Archaeo News Oct.-Nov. 2009. Print. This news paper article talks about the Gault Site in Texas and how very active the site is in the Clovis debate.
Goodyear, Albert C. "Beyond Clovis." Paleoamerican Orgins. 103-112. Print. Pages 103 through 112 of the book titled, " Paleoamerican Orgins : Beyond Clovis", lets us see examples and read examples of the Clovis times and there arrow heads.
Goodyear, Albert C. "Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States." Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States. 103-11. Print. The book section titled "Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States" is good for us because it greatly explains the evidence of Pre-Clovis people in the Eastern United States territory.
Hannus, Adrien. "Debating the Clovis Controversy."pbs.com Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <http://www.pbs.org/opb/timeteam/sites/topper/diary_adrien.php>. The "Dig Diary" is a diary written by Adrien Hannus, an archeologist who has been excavating Clovis tools and studying the Clovis times. This diary helped us get more into digging and archeology and learning more about our topic.
Hirst, Kris K. "Paleo-Indian." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archaeology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleoindians.htm>. The article titled, "Paleo-Indian" tells us about another type of Indian who lived back in the day. This relates to our topic because many Paleo-Indian stayed at Meadowcroft.
Hirst, Kris K. "Pre-Clovis Culture.".about.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archeaology.about.com/od/pterms/g/preclovis.htm>. The article titled "Pre-Clovis Culture" tells about the culture of the Pre-Clovis people, and it talks about how Archeologists fight over weather Pre-Clovis people existed or not.
Holland, Eric. "Caleb Vance Haynes 1982-Present." Www.minnesota.state.university.edu. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/fghij/haynes_caleb.html>. This article is all about Vance Haynes an archeologist that believes Meadowcroft isn't older then clovis. This article helps us get the other side of the debate.
James B., Richardson III. "The View from South America." Western Pennsylvania History Summer 2006. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. The magazine article titled, "The View from South America" talks all about the first Americans and what they were like.
Kris, Hirst K. "Paleo-Indian." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archeaology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleoindian.htm>. The article titled, "Paleo-Indian" tells us about another type of Indian who lived back in the day. This relates to our topic because many Paleo-Indian stayed at Meadowcroft
Leafs. Photograph. Treeworld.com. Web. <http://www.treeworld.info/f2/autumn-maple-leaf-scorch-9418.html>. This picture we added to our website is of leafs
"Meadowcroft." Heinzhistorycenter.org. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/print_view.aspx?id=9>. The article titled, "Meadowcroft," simply states the basic things like how old Meadowcroft is and where it is located. MeadowCroft is 16,000 years old and is located in Avella, Washington County, Pa.
"Meadowcroft Interview with Doctor Adovasio." Personal interview. My interview has helped us create our project because Doctor Adovasio explained more about the radiocarbon dating and how people believed it had been contaminated and that's why the dates showed up earlier. Dr. Adovasio believes different.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter Sign." pitt.edu. Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <Www.lc.pitt.edu/education>. The sign to Meadowcroft is quite useful for our website. It is a good picture for our slideshow and will give an insight as to what Meadowcroft is.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter (USA)." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/qt/meadowcroft.htm>. The article titled, "Meadowcroft Rock shelter (USA)," talks exactly about how controversial Meadowcroft is because it contains evidence of Pre-Clovis populations. It also talks about the 11 archeological levels there are. It helps us out in so many ways by talking about radiocarbon dating which tells how old this archeologist’s site is and many reasons that those test could have been contaminated.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter."sfu.museum. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://stu.museum/journey/05psecondarymeadowcroft.php>. The article titled "Meadowcroft Rockshelter" talks about the radiocarbon dating showing that Meadowcroft was occupied as early as 19,000 years ago.
"Monte Verde: Usurping the Clovis?" Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis2.htm>. The article "Monte Verde: Usurping the Clovis?" talks about the site of Monte Verde and how it is believed to have been inhabited and who where the first to be there.
Oppenheimer, Stephen. "Shaking the 'Clovis First' Orthodoxy." Bradshawfoundation.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/clovis-text.html>. "Shaking the 'Clovis First' orthodoxy" is useful due to the fact that it explains why some scientists still insist that the Clovis were the first Americans.
"Paleoindian." Museum.state.il.us. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <museum.state.il.us.html>. The article called "Paleoindians" helps us by explaining who the Paleoindians were and why they were called that. It also tells of possible evidence they left behind and how they were able to travel here.
Richardson, James B. "The View from South America." Western Pennsylvania History Summer 2006 June-July 2006. Web. The magazine article titled, "The View from South America" talks all about the first Americans and what they were like.
"Rockshelter." HeinzHistorycenter.org. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/print_view.aspx?id=86>. The article titled, "Rockshelter," talks about the actual place of Meadowcroft and how it became a National Historic Landmark in 2005. It also explains how Meadowcroft was recently renovated making it easier for people to see some, tools and fire pits that have been discovered. This article helps us learn how important this landmark is.
"Setting of the New World." Portal.state.pa.us. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.portal.state.pa.us>. "Setting of the New World" is helpful because it tells us more about the debate and how Paleoindians lived.
Sipos, Dawn. "Gault Site Findings Undermine Clovis First Theory." Ed. Paola Arosio, Diego Meozzi, Guy Middleton, Clive Price-Jones, Susan Rappoport, Jasmine Rodgers, and Linda Schiffer. Archaeo News Oct.-Nov. 2009: 1-2. Print. This newspaper article describes the Gault Site in Texas where the Clovis debate is storngly active.
Slayman, Andrew. "Special Report: A Battle Over Bones." Archaeology.org. Web. Dec.-Jan. 2011. <http://www.archaeology.org/9701/etc/specialreport.html>. The article called "Special Report: A Battle Over Bones" is important because it gives us more good information on how the Pre-Clovis were here first.
Weebly.com. Web. <www.weebly.com>. This is the main website that we used in order to create our webpage.
William, Meacham. "Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turn Shroud: Possibilities and Uncertainties." Shroud.com. 1986. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.shroud.com/meacham.htm>. The article titled, "Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turin Shroud: Possibilities and Uncertainties .” Goes into more detail about the radiocarbon dating like the exact measurements that lead to Dr. Adovasio’s conclusion.
Adovasio, James M. The First Americans. Modern Library. Print. This Book talks about Doctor Adovasio's journey to the debate of Pre-Clovis and Clovis. It also talks about the first Americans and mound builders and goes more into detail of the way the Native Americans lived.
Baker, Tony. "The Clovis First / Pre-Clovis Problem." Ele.net. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.ele.net/art_folsom/preclvis.htm>. The article named "The Clovis First / Pre-Clovis Problem" is quite useful because it explains the tools and blades the Clovis people used for different things.
Baker, Tony. "The Theory." Ele.net. Oct.-Nov. 1997. Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <Www.ele.net/art_folsom/preclvis.htm>. "The Theory" tells us a good theory about where the Clovis people lived and why they had so many small sites.
Clark, Josh. "Were the Clovis the First Americans?" Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis.htm/printable>. "Were the Clovis the first Americans?" helps us with our project because it gives us some information on whether or not the Clovis were the first Americans.
"Clovis Culture." Economicexpert.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://economicexpert.com/a/Clovis:culture.htm>. The article called "Clovis Culture" tells us more about the Clovis's culture.
"Clovis People." Crystalinks.com. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.crystalinks.com/clovis.html>. The article entitled "Clovis People" is useful to us because it explains how the Clovis people lived, such as telling about their culture and how they hunted mammoths for food.
"The Clovis-First Theory." Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis1.htm>. The writer of the article "The Clovis-First Theory" believes that Clovis people were not the first people in America and that there were in fact people before them. This article manly shares the theories of the writer of who the first Americans are and how they got here.
Dupree, Ed C. B. "Alabama Archaeology: Prehistoric Alabama." Bama.ua.edu. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://bama.ua.edu/~alaarch/prehistoricalalabama/paleoindian.htm>. The article titled "Alabama Archaeology: Prehistoric Alabama" is useful because it gives us more information on who the Paleo-Indians were and what their lifestyle was like.
Easybib.com. Web. <www.easybib.com>. This site helped us to make our bibliography for our website.
"Gault Site Findings Undermine Clovis First Theory." Archaeo News Oct.-Nov. 2009. Print. This news paper article talks about the Gault Site in Texas and how very active the site is in the Clovis debate.
Goodyear, Albert C. "Beyond Clovis." Paleoamerican Orgins. 103-112. Print. Pages 103 through 112 of the book titled, " Paleoamerican Orgins : Beyond Clovis", lets us see examples and read examples of the Clovis times and there arrow heads.
Goodyear, Albert C. "Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States." Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States. 103-11. Print. The book section titled "Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States" is good for us because it greatly explains the evidence of Pre-Clovis people in the Eastern United States territory.
Hannus, Adrien. "Debating the Clovis Controversy."pbs.com Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <http://www.pbs.org/opb/timeteam/sites/topper/diary_adrien.php>. The "Dig Diary" is a diary written by Adrien Hannus, an archeologist who has been excavating Clovis tools and studying the Clovis times. This diary helped us get more into digging and archeology and learning more about our topic.
Hirst, Kris K. "Paleo-Indian." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archaeology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleoindians.htm>. The article titled, "Paleo-Indian" tells us about another type of Indian who lived back in the day. This relates to our topic because many Paleo-Indian stayed at Meadowcroft.
Hirst, Kris K. "Pre-Clovis Culture.".about.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archeaology.about.com/od/pterms/g/preclovis.htm>. The article titled "Pre-Clovis Culture" tells about the culture of the Pre-Clovis people, and it talks about how Archeologists fight over weather Pre-Clovis people existed or not.
Holland, Eric. "Caleb Vance Haynes 1982-Present." Www.minnesota.state.university.edu. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/fghij/haynes_caleb.html>. This article is all about Vance Haynes an archeologist that believes Meadowcroft isn't older then clovis. This article helps us get the other side of the debate.
James B., Richardson III. "The View from South America." Western Pennsylvania History Summer 2006. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. The magazine article titled, "The View from South America" talks all about the first Americans and what they were like.
Kris, Hirst K. "Paleo-Indian." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archeaology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleoindian.htm>. The article titled, "Paleo-Indian" tells us about another type of Indian who lived back in the day. This relates to our topic because many Paleo-Indian stayed at Meadowcroft
Leafs. Photograph. Treeworld.com. Web. <http://www.treeworld.info/f2/autumn-maple-leaf-scorch-9418.html>. This picture we added to our website is of leafs
"Meadowcroft." Heinzhistorycenter.org. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/print_view.aspx?id=9>. The article titled, "Meadowcroft," simply states the basic things like how old Meadowcroft is and where it is located. MeadowCroft is 16,000 years old and is located in Avella, Washington County, Pa.
"Meadowcroft Interview with Doctor Adovasio." Personal interview. My interview has helped us create our project because Doctor Adovasio explained more about the radiocarbon dating and how people believed it had been contaminated and that's why the dates showed up earlier. Dr. Adovasio believes different.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter Sign." pitt.edu. Web. Nov.-Dec. 2010. <Www.lc.pitt.edu/education>. The sign to Meadowcroft is quite useful for our website. It is a good picture for our slideshow and will give an insight as to what Meadowcroft is.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter (USA)." About.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/qt/meadowcroft.htm>. The article titled, "Meadowcroft Rock shelter (USA)," talks exactly about how controversial Meadowcroft is because it contains evidence of Pre-Clovis populations. It also talks about the 11 archeological levels there are. It helps us out in so many ways by talking about radiocarbon dating which tells how old this archeologist’s site is and many reasons that those test could have been contaminated.
"Meadowcroft Rockshelter."sfu.museum. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://stu.museum/journey/05psecondarymeadowcroft.php>. The article titled "Meadowcroft Rockshelter" talks about the radiocarbon dating showing that Meadowcroft was occupied as early as 19,000 years ago.
"Monte Verde: Usurping the Clovis?" Howstuffworks.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/clovis2.htm>. The article "Monte Verde: Usurping the Clovis?" talks about the site of Monte Verde and how it is believed to have been inhabited and who where the first to be there.
Oppenheimer, Stephen. "Shaking the 'Clovis First' Orthodoxy." Bradshawfoundation.com. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/clovis-text.html>. "Shaking the 'Clovis First' orthodoxy" is useful due to the fact that it explains why some scientists still insist that the Clovis were the first Americans.
"Paleoindian." Museum.state.il.us. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <museum.state.il.us.html>. The article called "Paleoindians" helps us by explaining who the Paleoindians were and why they were called that. It also tells of possible evidence they left behind and how they were able to travel here.
Richardson, James B. "The View from South America." Western Pennsylvania History Summer 2006 June-July 2006. Web. The magazine article titled, "The View from South America" talks all about the first Americans and what they were like.
"Rockshelter." HeinzHistorycenter.org. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2010. <http://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/print_view.aspx?id=86>. The article titled, "Rockshelter," talks about the actual place of Meadowcroft and how it became a National Historic Landmark in 2005. It also explains how Meadowcroft was recently renovated making it easier for people to see some, tools and fire pits that have been discovered. This article helps us learn how important this landmark is.
"Setting of the New World." Portal.state.pa.us. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.portal.state.pa.us>. "Setting of the New World" is helpful because it tells us more about the debate and how Paleoindians lived.
Sipos, Dawn. "Gault Site Findings Undermine Clovis First Theory." Ed. Paola Arosio, Diego Meozzi, Guy Middleton, Clive Price-Jones, Susan Rappoport, Jasmine Rodgers, and Linda Schiffer. Archaeo News Oct.-Nov. 2009: 1-2. Print. This newspaper article describes the Gault Site in Texas where the Clovis debate is storngly active.
Slayman, Andrew. "Special Report: A Battle Over Bones." Archaeology.org. Web. Dec.-Jan. 2011. <http://www.archaeology.org/9701/etc/specialreport.html>. The article called "Special Report: A Battle Over Bones" is important because it gives us more good information on how the Pre-Clovis were here first.
Weebly.com. Web. <www.weebly.com>. This is the main website that we used in order to create our webpage.
William, Meacham. "Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turn Shroud: Possibilities and Uncertainties." Shroud.com. 1986. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.shroud.com/meacham.htm>. The article titled, "Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turin Shroud: Possibilities and Uncertainties .” Goes into more detail about the radiocarbon dating like the exact measurements that lead to Dr. Adovasio’s conclusion.
